Condenser.



l' No. 815,031.

G.V M. NBWHALL.

PATBNTEDMAR. 13, 1906.`

GONDENSER. 4 ArrLIoATIoN FILED '111111. 1, 1995.

2` SHEETS-SHEET 1.

, UNITED sTATEs' PATENT IoEr +roE. vGEORGE M. NEWI-IALL, vOF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

' GoNpENs-E'Fz. p l

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE M. NEWHALL,

l a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Gondensers, of which the following is a specification.l i,

My invention relates to certain improvements in condensers for condensing the exhaust-steam from enginesl and pumps and vapor from a vaporizing apparatus.

The main object of my invention is to provide a condenser of the horizontal type with means whereby the vapor is caused to travel l through numerous sheets of water in its pasvapor will be condensed.

A further' object of the invention is to arsage through the apparatus, so that. said range the parts so as to secure the cooling of .detailed construction of the troughs.

the gases escaping from the air-pump. A Y The inventionrelates, further, to-otherdetails, which will be fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved condenser on the line 1 1, Fig. 2. Fig.2 isa transverse sectional view on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detailed perspective view showf ing the condensing-water inlet and theseries of troughs mounted under the inlet, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing the A is the casing of the condenser.

p present instance this `condenser is made cylindrical and provided with an integral head A at one end and a detachable head A? at they opposite end.

Mounted between the .detachable head A2 and the body A of the condenser is a diaphragm C, of copper or other suitable material. This diaphragm extends in a solid sheet .to a point belowthe lower lineA of troughs, Which will be'described hereinafter, and has a flange turned at c, so as to throw thewater gitudinal slot b2, whichallows the condensing In the waterto flow from the pipe in a continuous film, flowing over the outer surface of the pipe onto the troughs below, as describedhereinafter.

DDl are two longitudinal'deflectors. Each deflector is made up of a series of troughs d. (Shown in the detailed View Fig. 4.) The upper deflector D extends from the head A to a short distance from the diaphragm C and the deflector D/ extends from the diaphragm C to apoint a short distancefrom the head A.

E is an inlet for vapor.

F is an outlet which communicates with the hot-Well when a dry system is` used or Awith a pump when the condenser is used in the wet system. Y

It will be seen that the passage of the vapor through the condenser is, as shown by full arrows, first over the deflector D, then around its edge andreturning back in the spacevbetween the-two deflectors, and then passing under the lower deflector to the outlet. Thus the vapor travels in the present instance three times the length of the condenser. More than two deflectors may be as before remarked, is made up of a series of trough-shaped sections d, each section havying a lowflange d and a high flange d2, which .is curved over the low flange of the adjoining section, -the end of this flange extending be- `low the upper edge of the low flange, so as to form a trap for the water and so that the water flowing from the pipe B will fall into the of water through which thev vapor must pass before it can escape fromv .the condenser. Conse uently a nearly complete condensation of the exhaust-steam r other vapor Patented Maren 13, 1906.

lused in some instances, in which case the travel would be increased. lEach deflector,

IOO

takes place before it reaches the outlet tothe air-pumps.

- By making the condenser horizontal and setting it level the feed-waterl will flow uniformly the fulll lengthof the pipe B, whether alarge or small quantity of water is used. Consequently there is a proper distribution of the lcondensing liquid throughout the Vwholeof the cylinder. The vapors entering` 11o the condenser from above will come in contact with the falling water shower, as well as the internal film flow of water on the inner surface ofthe condenser. This film is caused by the play of water against the inner surface of the cylinder as it escapes from the pipe B. The water as it falls onto the upper deflector D is in a dancing commotion, which assists in the condensation of the vapors, which must travel horizontally, as indicated by the arrows. This is repeated when the water passes from the lower deflector and at the bottom of the cylinder. If any vapor escapes after traveling through the passages, it will finally be collected along with any noncondensable gases as it passes out the end and beyond the reach of the water shower and back of the copper diaphragm C.

The cooling is of much advantage to the air-pump. The reason of the cooling 4is that .the water falling through the lower plate near the copper diaphragm has come almost directly from the water-supply pipe at the top, having only been stopped by one deflector, whereas most of the water will have passed through two deflectors, and consequently become much more heated.

While I have shown the casing of the condenser in the form of a cylinder longitudinally arranged, it may be made in any form desired so long as one or more horizontal deflectorsV are used with a water-supply pipe mounted above them.

I4v claim as my invention- 1. The combination in a condenser, of a casing, a horizontal deiiector made up of a series of trapped trou hs spaced apart so that water will overflow rom each trough in a thin sheet, a water-supply pipe above the deflector arranged to discharge water onto said deflector, said casin having an inlet and an outlet for vapor, su stantially as described.

2. The combination in a condenser, of a casing, two horizontal deectors, one mounted above the other, each deflector made up of a series of trapped troughs so that water will overflow from the troughs and fall in a thin-sheet, a water-supply pipe above the upper deflector and arranged to discharge water to said deflector, the water in the upper defiector discharging onto the lower defiector, said'casing having an inlet and an outlet Jfor the vapor to be condensed.

3. The combination in a condenser, of a casing having an inlet for vapor and an outlet, a watersupply pipe at the upper end of the condenser, and two deiiectors, each made 'up of a series of trapped troughs spaced apart so that water will overflow from each trough in a thin sheet, one deflector stopping short of one end of the casing and the other deflector stopping short of the other end of the casing and one mounted below the other to form a circuitous passage for the vapor, so that the said vapor will pass through sheets of water escaping from the water-supply pipe and passing through the deflectors, substantially as described.

4. The combination in a condenser, of a casing having an inlet for vapor and an outlet, and having two deflectors, one mounted below the other, one defiector stopping short of one end of the casing and the other stopping short ofthe other end of the casing, each defiector being made up of a series of spaced troughs, each trough having a trap so that the water as it escapes from the supply-pipe will fall onto the first deflector and pass through the first deflector onto the second defiector and pass through the second deector to the bottom of the casing, the traps preventing the vapor passing through the deflectors so that it must follow a circuitous passage and pass through the sheets of water, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a condenser, of a casing having an inlet for vapor and an outlet, a horizontal supply-pipe in the upper portion of the condenser, said pipe having a longitudinal slot in its upper portion so that the water must fill the pipe and overflow through the slot and over the outer surface of the pipe, and two defiectors, one mounted under the other, each defiector composed of a series of spaced troughs, substantially as described. Y

6. The combination in a condenser, of a longitudinallyarranged cylinder having a head at each end, an inlet for vapor at the upper end of the cylinder near one end, and an outlet, a water-supply pipe extending nearly the full' length of the cylinder and having a slot in its uppersurface, two deflectors, one arranged above the other, the upper deflector terminating a short distance from the end opposite the inlet end for the vapor, the other terminating a short distance from IOO the other end, each defiector being made up of a series of spaced and trapped troughs so that the condensing water willpass from the supply-pipe in a thin film and pass through each defiector in thin sheets while the vapor willpass over the first defiector and return between it and the second defiector, and finally pass out under the second deflector, substantially as described.

7. The combination in a condenser, of a longitudinal casing having a head at cach end, a diaphragm at one end of the casing terminating a short distance from the bottom of the condenser forming a space between the head and the diaphragm, an outlet in the head which may be connected to a vacuumpump, a supply-pipe for the condensing water situated in the upper portion of the condenser, and a defiector between said supplypipe and. the lower edge of the diaphragm, said defiector being perforated for the passage of condensing water, substantially as described.

8. The combination in a condenser, of a cylindrical casing, an inlet at the upper end for vapor and a hot-well connection in the lower portion of the casing, a vacuum-pump connection in one head of the condenser, a longitudinallyarranged water -supply pipe open throughout its length so as toallow a lm of water to escape from the pipe, two delectors, one mounted ,above the other and troughs, Substantially as described.

9. The combination in a condenser, of a casing, an inlet for vapor at the upper end of I the lower deflector,

the casing, a connection to the hot-well at the lower end of the casing, at outlet-passage at one end of the condenser arranged to be con-v nected to the vacuum-pump, a supply-pipe for the condensing water, two deflectors, one mounted below the other and arranged so that the vapor will travel in a circuitous path,

a diaphragm at the outlet end of the casing,

said diaphragm extendingto a .point below substantially as described.

10. A deflector for horizontal condensers consisting of a series of trapped troughs spaced apart so that as the water overflows from the troughs it will fall in thin sheets,

substantially as described.

11. The -combination'in a condenser, of an inlet for vapor, an outlet, a supply-pipe for vcondensing water situated in the upper portion ofthe casing, two deectors, one mount.

ed below the other, one terminating a short distance from one end of the casing and the other terminating a short distance from the opposite end of the casing, each delector being made up of a series of transversely-ar- -ranged troughs, the troughs being spaced each deflector made up of a series of trapped apart and each trough having a low flange on one side and a high flange on the other side which is curved and overlaps the lower Bange of the adjoining trough so as to form a trap whereby the water, as it passes from the supply-pipe at the upper end of the casing, will pass into the troughs of the upper deflector and pass 'from this deiiector in a series of thin transverse sheets to thev troughs of the lower delector and will escape fromthese troughs in a series of transverse films to the lower portion of the cylinder, so 'that the vapor as it passes through the condenser must pass through' a number'oJI1 iilms of water, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed name to this specification in the two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE M. NEwHALL.

presence of Witnesses: v

WILLIAM E.' BRADLEY, Jos. H. KLEIN. 

